For women, the production of sex hormones and the release of an egg is known as the menstrual cycle. It is counted from the first day of the period until the day before the start of the next period.
Sperm are produced at the rate of about million per day. They take some 80 days to mature. Each sperm has a head, which contains the genetic material, and a tail, which propels it up through the vagina, uterus, and fallopian tubes where the egg is fertilised. Conception occurs when an egg and a sperm come together. At ovulation, an egg is released from the ovary into the fallopian tube.
If sperm is present at that time, the egg can be fertilised. The fertilised egg then starts to divide and becomes an embryo. After ovulation, the ovary produces progesterone which prepares the lining of the uterus - the endometrium - for the growing embryo. A few days after implantation, the embryo starts to produce human chorionic gonadotrophins HCG - the hormone that gives a positive pregnancy test reading.
If an embryo does not form or attach to the endometrium implantation , the level of progesterone drops and the next period starts. Read more on Better Health Channel website. Pregnancy, Birth and Baby is not responsible for the content and advertising on the external website you are now entering.
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Your name: is required Error: This is required. Your email: is required Error: This is required Error: Not a valid value. Send to: is required Error: This is required Error: Not a valid value. What is PCOS? Symptoms of PCOS include: irregular menstrual periods cysts on the ovaries infertility weight gain acne excessive face and body hair thinning or balding head hair insulin resistance Diagnosis It often takes a while for women with PCOS to get a firm diagnosis, as the condition can mimic other problems.
At your appointment, your doctor will: talk to you and examine you take a blood test to check for male hormones arrange ultrasound scans to look for cysts in the ovaries PCOS and infertility If you have PCOS, you might struggle to get pregnant.
PCOS and pregnancy Having PCOS can increase your risk of some complications during pregnancy, such as: miscarriage high blood pressure induced by the pregnancy gestational diabetes premature birth Women with PCOS also have a higher likelihood of needing a caesarean delivery because their babies might be larger than expected for their gestational age. Back To Top. Call us and speak to a Maternal Child Health Nurse for personal advice and guidance.
Need further advice or guidance from our maternal child health nurses? Support for this browser is being discontinued for this site Internet Explorer 11 and lower We currently support Microsoft Edge, Chrome, Firefox and Safari. In addition, several studies have not confirmed that metformin can reduce miscarriage risk, so further research is necessary to establish its role in preventing pregnancy complications. The best way to make sure you have a healthy baby is to look after your own body.
This holds true when you are trying to conceive and during pregnancy. Lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise significantly improve pregnancy outcomes in women affected by PCOS. Losing weight before conception is recommended to reduce complications. However, some experts believe that if you are older than 35 and have been trying to get pregnant for more than a year, time is more important than losing weight. Although weight loss increases your chance of getting pregnant and reduces the risk of metabolic complications, you may not want to delay fertility treatments while you are trying to lose weight.
Listen to their advice carefully, so you know of the risks and can plan ahead, and get in touch with them immediately if the situation requires it. These chromosomal issues arise as the embryo divides not because of an inherited problem. Abnormalities that result from an abnormal combination of chromosomes might include:. If you smoke, you double your chance of miscarrying.
Drinking alcohol, using recreational drugs, and some work environments can also contribute to miscarriage. The older you are, the more likely you are to conceive a baby with a chromosomal abnormality, which often results in a miscarriage. Your risk of miscarriage also increases with each child you have.
You may be able to help reduce your risk of experiencing a miscarriage if you:. Consider scheduling an appointment with your doctor prior to getting pregnant to discuss possible or known risks and how to prevent them.
Early prenatal care can help you avoid miscarriage and problems in your pregnancy. Intermountain Healthcare is a Utah-based, not-for-profit system of 24 hospitals includes "virtual" hospital , a Medical Group with more than 2, physicians and advanced practice clinicians at about clinics, a health plans division called SelectHealth, and other health services. Helping people live the healthiest lives possible, Intermountain is widely recognized as a leader in clinical quality improvement and efficient healthcare delivery.
Which should I choose? Authors Topics. Facebook Twitter. John T. Paas, MD Apr 12, Up to 25 percent of women will experience some kind of vaginal bleeding during their first trimester, and the majority have successful pregnancies. Genetic or chromosomal issues About half of all miscarriages happen because of an extra or missing chromosome. Abnormalities that result from an abnormal combination of chromosomes might include: Molar pregnancy or partial molar pregnancy.
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